Manifold for internal-combustion engines



A. P. BRUSH.

MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED mm). 1911.

Patented Dec. 5, 1922.

Patented Dec. 5, 1922.

PATET ()FFIGB.

ALANSON P. BRUSH, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALANsoN l lhursH, a citizen of the United States. residin at Detroit, in the county of lVayne and S tate of hlichigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Manifolds for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact descript-ion.

The object of this invention is to enable internal combustion engines to successfully and effectively use the low grade hydrocarbon liquid fuels now generally offered for sale for that purpose; and more specifically, the object of the invention is to provide a construction such that the still liquid part of the fuel which comes into the manifold will have suilicient heat imparted to it to transform it into a vapor, while, at the same time,

very little heat will be imparted to the main stream of air and fuel vapor flowing through said manifold.

To this end the invention consists in the construction and combination of parts shown in the drawing and hereinafter described and pointed out definitely in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is an inside view of a separately formed manifold member in which the invention is embodied, and which is adapted to be separably connected to the side of the head of an internal combustion engine; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through said manifold member and through the adjacent part of the head of the engine to which it is connected,the section being in the plane indicated by line 22 on Fig.1.

The invention is shown embodied in a manifold member adapted to be secured to the side of the head of a four-cylinder internal combustion engine of familiar construction; that is to say, an engine whose head 20 contains two inlet gas distributing passageways 21, each leading from a hole 22 in the side of the head to the inlet ports 23 of two cylinders, each of which ports is controlled by a valve 24. And said head Y also contains three exhaust passages 25, of

which one only is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2. These three exhaust passages discharge through three holes 26 in the side of the head,--one of said passages being in communication with the valve-controlled outlet ports of the two middle cylinders, and the other two being respectively in com- MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed January 5, 1917. Serial No. 140,671. 7

munication with the valve-controlled exhaust ports of the two end cylinders. It has not been thought necessary to show this engine construction because it is no part of the present invention, and is familiar to all who are skilled in this art.

It is to be understood. however, that this invention is not limited to a four-cylinder engine; nor to an engine having this part-imilar arrangement of gas inlet and outlet passages; nor to a construction in which the invention is embodied in a part which is separably connected with the engine; although thelatter characteristic is advantageous, and results from certain features of construction which are novel to the extent indicated by the appended claims.

The manifold member, shown separated from the engine in Fig. 1, contains a substantially horizontal inlet manifold passage 14, whose ends discharge through two holes 15 in the side of said member,said holes being so placed that when the manifold member is secured to the side of said head 20 these holes will register and communicate with the two holes 22 in the side of the head 20 which are the ends of the gas distributing inlet passages in said head. The inlet to said inlet manifold passage 1 1 is through a laterally extended centrally placed branch 16, to which a tube 40 from the carbureter may be secured. I

The manifold member also contains a substantially horizontal" exhaust passage 31 which is located below the inlet passage 14, and which has three lateral branches 32 which are so placed that when the manifold member is secured to the side of the. head these three branches will respectively communicate with the three holes 26 which are at the ends of the exhaust passages 25 in the head. 8

There is a metal partition 17 between the inlet manifold passage 14 and the exhaust manifold passage 31, and this partition is deflected downward to form a small dimensioned U-shaped trough 18 which projects into the exhaust manifold passage 32, and is therefore subjected, on three sides, to the influence of the hot exhaust gases flowing through said exhaust passage 31.

It is as stated desirable that the walls of this depending trough shall be heated; but it is likewise desirable that the remainder of the wall of the inlet'manifold shall not be heated. but stances permit. To that end therefore, there are water jacketing spaces 38 which surround the sides and top of this inlet manifold. These water jaclreting spaces communicate with the water jacketing spaces of the engine through holes 39 in that side of the manifold member which is secured against the side of the engine as described. Likewise. the manifold member is made of two parts,-l0 and 1Q. the upper part containing the inlet manifold and water jacketing spaces while the lower part contains the exhaust passage 31 which is substantiallv U- shapedin cross section and is formed without a top. lVhen these two parts 10 and 12 are secured together. the bottom of the inlet passage becomes the top of the exhaust passage. and the trough 15% which is a part of the bottom of the inlet passage projects down into the exhaust passage as before stated.

The mere factthat there is a joint between the two parts of this manifold member will in a large degree prevent the transference of heat from the lower member containing the exhaust passage to the upper membeccontaining the inletpassage. But to still further prevent such heat transference. gasket ll made of asbestos may be placed bctwccn two members.

The des ribed minstruction operates as follows -ihc mixture of. air and fuel vapor and spray is drawn into the inlet manifold passage i l by the suction action of the cugiine. As much of the fuel spray as may con dense on the wall. of said inlet passage. and as much oil the fuel spray as may fall by gravity from the main stream. will bind its way into the liquid fuel receiver, i. the small dimensioned trough 18. the walls of which will be heated by the hot exl'iaust gases flowing through the exhaust manifold passage: and this fuel will, by contact with the heated wall i of this trough. be transformed into a apor. which will rise and join the mixture flowing through the inlet manifold. At he same time this'heated surface of the trough well out of the main current-of mixture. and will have little effect in heating". and therefore expanding the air and fuel vapor of which said main stream is formed. in fact. the construction is such that the still liquid particles of fuel will have adequate heat impartcd to them to vaporize them. while very little heat will be imparted tc the main stream of air and fuel vapor.

llavinu descrilurd my invention. ll cla m:

The combination of an internal combustioi'i engine. with an inlet manifold which is connected with the gas inlet distributing: pass res f said eng ne. an exhaust mam fold \"llCli is conne ted with the exhaust ages said engine and is located below the inlet manifold and is se 'iarated therefrom by heat conducting wall. and a shall be. kept as cool as circum-.

water jacket which embraces substantially all of the inlet manifold except the heat conducting wall which separates said inlet manifold from the exhaust manifold.

52. The combination of an internal co1nbastion engine, with an inlet manifold con nected with the gas inlet distributing passages of said engine, an exhaust manifold which is connected with the exhaust gas passageways of said engine,--and a liquid fuel receiver which projects down into said exhaust manifold. and is in open communi cation with the inlet manifold and is located below the same in such position that liquid fuel in the inlet manifold may run into said fuel receiver, and means to limit the transfer of heat from the walls of the exhaust manifold to the walls of the inlet manifold.

3. The combination of an internal combustion engine with a manifold member secured to the engine said manifold member containing a substantially horizontal gas inlet passage which communicates at both ends with the gas inlet passages of the engine and which has its inlet between its ends. and a substantially aorizontal gas outlet passage which is located below the inlet passage and is in comnuinica'tion with the exhaust gas passages of the engine. there being a horizontal partition wall between the gas inlet passage and th gas exhaust passage which wall is formed with a downwardly bent hollow rib which projects into the 07o haust gas passage and forms an open top (rough in the botiom of the inlet pass-agar T. The combination of an internal combustion engine with a manifold member securcd to the engine said manifold member containing: a sul'istantially horizontal gas inlet passage which communicates at both ends with the gas inlet passages of the engine and which has its inlet between its ends. and asubstantially horizontal gas outlet passage which is located below the inlet passage and is in communication with the exhaust 9:2 passages of the engine. there being: a horirontal partition wall between the gas inlet passage and he gas exhaust passage which wall formed with a down wardl v bent hollow rib which projects into the exhaust gas passa go and forms an open top trough in the bottom of the inlet passage, the top and side .walls of said inlet passage being water aclretcd.

5. The combination with an internal combastion engine. of a manifold member cared to said engine and forming a substantiall horizontal gas intake passage communicating terminally with the intake ports of the engine. said passage being intermediately formed with an inlet and substantially horizontal exhaust passage located below said intake passage and in communication with the exhaust ports of the engine. there being a substantially horimenses Zontal partition wall between the intake and exhaust passages, said wall having a depending port-ion projecting into said exhaust passage and forming a trap for unvaporized fuel.

6. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of a manifold member secured to said engine and having a substantially horizontal gas intake passage communicating terminally with the intake ports of the engine and intermediately formed with an inlet, and a heating chamber below said passage and separated from the latter by a horizontal wall formed with a depending trough portion projecting into the heating chamber and forming a trap for unvaporized fuel.

7. The con'ibination with an internal combustion engine, of a manifold member secured to said engine having a substantially horizontal gas intake passage communicating terminally with the intake ports of the engine and intermediatelyprovided with an inlet, a heating chamber below said passage and supported therefrom by a partition wall, said wall having a trough portion depending into said heating chamber and forming a trap for unvaporized fuel, and a water jacket enclosing the main body portion of said-intake passage.

8. The combination with a passage conducting liquid fuel to an internal combustion engine, of a trap for unvaporized fuel open- .ing downwardly from said passage and locating its contents substantially out of contact with the main current through said passage, means for heating said trap and means for cooling the main body of said passage.

9. The combination with anintake manifold having a reduced depending portion forming a trap for unvaporiz'ed fuel, of an exhaust manifold beneath said intake manifoldand embracing said trap portion of the gine, said passage having a portion offset transversely thereof and thereby located out of the main path of the fuel in said passage, said portion forming a trap for unvaporized fuel, of means for heating said trap and means for cooling the main body of said passage.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ALANSON P. BRUSH. Witnesses Owen M. NAoKER, Tnnononn W. MARSH.

said intake manifold 

